RESUMEN
Early childhood caries (ECC) are an oral health problem worldwide in children under 6 years of age. This disease of rapid development has a multifactorial etiology, and one of the possible risk factors is developmental defects of enamel (DDE), such as hypoplasia and opacities. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the association between DDE and ECC in children under 6 years of age. An electronic search was conducted until March 2022 using Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Science-Direct, LILACS, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EBSCO-Host, EMBASE, and Google Scholar and complemented with a manual search, with no restrictions on language or date of publication. Longitudinal studies of children under 6 years of age with primary dentition were included. A total of 1158 studies were found, of which 651 records were reviewed by title and abstract, and 24 articles were selected for full-text evaluation. Finally, nine studies that met the selection criteria were included in the qualitative synthesis. Study quality and certainty were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. Three cohort studies of good quality were included in the meta-analysis. A risk associated with DDE (RR = 1.94; 95% CI: 1.52-2.49) and a risk associated with enamel hypoplasia (RR = 5.45; 95% CI: 1.84-16.14) were found. The results for diffuse opacity (RR = 1.21; 95% CI: 0.18-8.15) and demarcated opacity (RR = 1.26; 95% CI: 0.43-3.65) were not significant. GRADE analysis presented low and very low certainty of evidence. It was concluded that there is an association between DDE and ECC. However, the results should be interpreted with caution because of the limitations of the study. The protocol for this study has been registered in PROSPERO under identification number CRD42021238919.
RESUMEN
RESUMEN: La amelogénesis imperfecta es un trastorno hereditario que afecta la formación del esmalte presentándose en dentición decidua y permanente. Existen numerosas clasificaciones, donde la amelogénesis imperfecta hipoplásica presenta las siguientes características clínicas: reducción del espesor del esmalte, coloración entre amarillo y marrón, superficie rugosa y falta de contacto interproximal. Estos pacientes reportan niveles más altos de evitación social y angustia por lo que es imperativo realizar un buen tratamiento rehabilitador. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo describir la secuencia terapéutica de un paciente adolescente diagnosticado con amelogénesis imperfecta hipoplásica utilizando la técnica modificada clear matrix con resinas compuestas.
ABSTRACT: Amelogenesis imperfecta is an inherited disorder affecting enamel formation in deciduous and permanent dentition. There are a large number of classifications, where hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta has the following clinical features: reduced enamel thickness, yellowish brown coloration, rough surface and lack of interproximal contact. These patients report the highest levels of social avoidance and distress, and it is therefore imperative to perform a good rehabilitative treatment. The objective of this paper is to describe the therapeutic sequence of an adolescent patient diagnosed with hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta, using the modified clear matrix technique with composite resins.
